使用 Matplotlib 在 3d 中绘制线性模型

Plot linear model in 3d with Matplotlib(使用 Matplotlib 在 3d 中绘制线性模型)

问题描述

我正在尝试创建适合数据集的线性模型的 3d 图.我能够在 R 中相对容易地做到这一点，但我真的很难在 Python 中做到这一点.这是我在 R 中所做的:

I'm trying to create a 3d plot of a linear model fit for a data set. I was able to do this relatively easily in R, but I'm really struggling to do the same in Python. Here is what I've done in R:

这是我在 Python 中所做的:

Here's what I've done in Python:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import statsmodels.formula.api as sm

csv = pd.read_csv('http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~gareth/ISL/Advertising.csv', index_col=0)
model = sm.ols(formula='Sales ~ TV + Radio', data = csv)
fit = model.fit()

fit.summary()

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.scatter(csv['TV'], csv['Radio'], csv['Sales'], c='r', marker='o')

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(csv['TV'], csv['Radio'])

# Not what I expected :(
# ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, fit.fittedvalues)

ax.set_xlabel('TV')
ax.set_ylabel('Radio')
ax.set_zlabel('Sales')

plt.show()

我做错了什么，我应该怎么做?

What am I doing wrong and what should I do instead?

谢谢.

推荐答案

你假设 plot_surface 想要一个坐标网格，但预测想要一个数据结构，就像你安装的那样(exog").

You were correct in assuming that plot_surface wants a meshgrid of coordinates to work with, but predict wants a data structure like the one you fitted with (the "exog").

exog = pd.core.frame.DataFrame({'TV':xx.ravel(),'Radio':yy.ravel()})
out = fit.predict(exog=exog)
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, out.reshape(xx.shape), color='None')

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